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| Keywords: Assyrianidentity.png Notes Sumerians and Akkadians became Assyrians and Babylonians <ref>http //www britannica com/eb/article-9110693/Mesopotamian-religion</ref><ref>http //www britannica com/eb/article-9005290/Akkadian-language 62711 hook</ref> Remnants of Akkadian words still preserved in the modern Assyrian Neo-Aramaic language <ref>http //www aina org/articles/akkadianwords html Akkadian Words in Modern Assyrian</ref> Sūryōyō/Sūrāyā derived from Aššūrāyu <ref name Assurayu Suraya 1 > date English In this context it is important to draw attention to the fact that the Aramaic-speaking peoples of the Near East have since ancient times identified themselves as Assyrians and still continue to do so The self-designations of modern Syriacs and Assyrians Sūryōyō and Sūrāyā are both derived from the ancient Assyrian word for Assyrian Aššūrāyu as can be easily established from a closer look at the relevant words </ref><ref name Assurayu Suraya 2 > cite web Simo Parpola Assyrian Identity in Ancient Times and Today http //www aina org/articles/assyrianidentity pdf PDF Assyriology Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies 14 English Since omission of initial vowels is not a feature of Aramaic phonology the lack of the initial A- in Sūrāyā/Sūr y ōyō cannot be due to internal Aramaic development but must go back directly to Neo-Assyrian The phonology of Sūrāyā Sūrōyō thus implies that this term which is crucial to the identity of the present-day Aramaic-speaking peoples entered the Aramaic language in the seventh century BC when the Arameans already were a fully integrated part of the Assyrian nation In contrast to the word Өūr which was borrowed into Aramaic when Assyria still was an alien society it cannot be regarded as a loanword but as an indigenous selfdesignation which the Aramaic-speaking Assyrians shared with their Akkadian-speaking fellow citizens </ref> Greek and Roman rule changed Assyrian to Syrian <ref name Justinus > Justinus Marcus Junianus translated with notes by the Rev John Selby Watson Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus http //www forumromanum org/literature/justin/english/trans1 html HTML London Henry G Bohn York Street Convent Garden 1853 English The Assyrians who were afterwards called Syrians held their empire thirteen hundred years </ref><ref name Assurayu Suraya 3 > date English Since unstressed vowels were often dropped in Neo-Assyrian at the beginning of words Hameen-Anttila 2000 37 this name form later also had a shorter variant Sūr attested in alphabetic writings of personal names containing the element Aššur in late seventh century BC Aramaic documents from Assyria The word Assūrāyu Assyrian thus also had a variant Sūrāyu in late Assyrian times This variant is hidden behind standard orthography in Assyrian cuneiform texts but its existence is confirmed by the classical Greek words for Assyrians and Assyria which display a corresponding variation between forms with initial A- Assúrios/Assuría and ones without it Súrios/Súros/Suría; see Table II The Greeks who were in frequent contact with Assyria in the eighth and seventh centuries BC Rollinger 2001 would not have borrowed the word without the initial A- had the Assyrians themselves not omitted it since omission of initial vowels is not a feature of classical Greek phonology </ref><ref name Herodotus VII 63 > cite web Herodotus Herodotus VII 63 http //www fordham edu/Halsall/ancient/greek-babylon html HTML English VII 63 The Assyrians went to war with helmets upon their heads made of brass and plaited in a strange fashion which is not easy to describe They carried shields lances and daggers very like the Egyptian; but in addition they had wooden clubs knotted with iron and linen corselets This people whom the Hellenes call Syrians are called Assyrians by the barbarians The Chaldeans served in their ranks and they had for commander Otaspes the son of Artachaeus </ref> Romans divided As syrians in between provinces <ref name Richard Nelson Frye Syria and Assyria YouTube > cite web Richard Nelson Frye Assyria and Syria Synonyms http //www youtube com/watch v _KesgkBziUs HTML PhD Harvard University Journal of Near Eastern Studies 1992 English The ancient Greek historian Herodotus wrote that the Greeks called the Assyrians by the name Syrian dropping the A And that's the first instance we know of of the distinction in the name of the same people Then the Romans when they conquered the western part of the former Assyrian Empire they gave the name Syria to the province they created which is today Damascus and Aleppo So that is the distinction between Syria and Assyria They are the same people of course And the ancient Assyrian empire was the first real empire in history What do I mean it had many different peoples included in the empire all speaking Aramaic and becoming what may be called Assyrian citizens That was the first time in history that we have this For example Elamite musicians were brought to Nineveh and they were 'made Assyrians' which means that Assyria was more than a small country it was the empire the whole Fertile Crescent </ref> Syrians Suryoyo have been identified as Assyrians <ref> cite web Horatio Southgate Narrative of a Visit to the Syrian Jacobites Church http //www christiansofiraq com/joseph/reply2 html HTML 80 1844 Engelska When Horatio Southgate visited the Syrian Orthodox communities of Turkey in 1843 he reported that its followers were calling themselves Assyrians in the form of Suryoye Othoroye He writes I began to make inquiries for the Syrians The people informed me that there were about one hundred families of them in the town of Kharpout and a village inhabited by them on the plain I observed that the Armenians did not know them under the name which I used SYRIANI; but called them ASSOURI which struck me the more at the moment from its resemblance to our English name ASSYRIANS from whom they claim their origin being sons as they say of Assour Asshur who 'out of the land of Shinar went forth and build Nineveh and the city Rehoboth and Calah and Resin between Nineveh and Calah; the same is a great city </ref> Assyrian nationalism developed among the Syrian Jacobites Orthodox community during the early 20th century <ref> cite web Robert DeKelaita The Origins and Development of Assyrian Nationalism http //www aina org/books/oadoan pdf PDF 19 English Although Assyrian nationalistic sentiments were more prevalent among the Nestorians particularly those in Urmia than among Chaldeans and Jacobites nationalists were to be found among the latter as well </ref> Syrian Orthodox Church becoming Assyrian Orthodox Church <ref> cite web The Syrian Antiochian Orthodox Church and the Assyrian Orthodox Church and the Syriac Orthodox Church http //learning lib vt edu/slav/relig_chr_mideast html assyrianorthodoxoriental HTML Slavic East European and Former USSR Resources English The Assyrian Orthodox Church of the Virgin Mary Paramus New Jersey Home Page the first Syrian Orthodox Church established in the United States by immigrants who came from Diyarbakir Turkey in late 1890's </ref> References reflist Assyrian people self identification history Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies diagram Legend cur this is the current file del delete this old version rev revert to this old version Click on date to download the file or see the image uploaded on that date original upload log del cur 2007-08-12T04 16 22 Chaldean Talk contribs 400×1008 53 547 bytes del rev 2007-08-08T04 58 10 EliasAlucard Talk contribs 450×900 48 680 bytes <nowiki> pd </nowiki> del rev 2007-08-08T04 54 22 EliasAlucard Talk contribs 500×925 51 281 bytes <nowiki> pages with references Assyriology | ||||
