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| Keywords: ChristAsSol.jpg Ceiling Mosaic - Christus helios the mosaic of Sol in Mausoleum M which is interpreted as Christ-Sol Christ as the Sun Detail of vault mosaic in the Mausoleum of the Julii From the necropolis under St Peter's Mid-3rd century Grotte Vaticane Rome Mosaic of the Vatican grottoes under St Peter's Basilica on the ceiling of the tomb of the Julii Representation of Christ as the sun-god Helios or Sol Invictus riding in his chariot Dated to the 3rd century AD Early Christian and pagan beliefs are combined in this third century mosaic of Christ as a sun-god The triumphant Christ/god with rays shooting from his head is pulled aloft by two rearing horses in his chariot The Dionysian vines in the background become the vines of Christ Title Christ as Sol Invictus Late 3rd century The First Apology by St Justin Martyr an early Christian quotes Psalm 19 5-6 a verse that was very popular with early Christians It was associated with the ancient Christian custom of praying toward the East the direction of Christ's Ascension and second coming instead of toward Jerusalem as Jews did And hear how it was foretold concerning those who published His doctrine and proclaimed His appearance the above-mentioned prophet and king David speaking thus by the Spirit of prophecy In the sun has He set His tabernacle and he as a bridegroom going out of his chamber shall rejoice as a giant to run his course Christ was also associated with the Sun of justice with its healing rays a Messianic image from Malachi 3 20 From THE BONES OF ST PETER The First Full Account of the Search for the Apostle's Body Doubleday 1982 by John Evangelist Walsh ; plate 7 shows a larger black-and-white image; p 26 says that three other mosaics in the tomb on the walls show a Jonah falling from a ship and being swallowed by the whale b a fisherman standing on rocks fishing c the good shepherd with a sheep across his shoulders The mosaic on the dome comes half-way down the walls The rays of light strongly suggest the form of a cross The tomb was decorated about 250 with these motifs The damage to the mosaic on the left is in fact a hole in the centre of the ceiling The tomb was accessed from the street of pagan Roman tombs and the access covered by a slab When this was lifted the hole in the middle of the dome was accessible The tomb is described not as a papal tomb but as the tomb of the golden mosaic Originally it contained a pagan burial of a child and no adornment Around 250 the family had converted to Christianity and redecorated it Three Christian burials were located under the floor A story from 1574 relates how workmen had opened a tomb with golden mosaics and two white horses and found a body on a slab on the floor covered with quicklime; the body was not present when the tomb was located again during the 1941 excavations http //faculty cva edu/Stout/earlych/earlych html User Leinad-Z PD-Art Christian catacombs Sol invictus Mosaics of Jesus Christ Rome Rearing horses in art Mosaics in Rome Vatican Syncretism Sol Invictus People with horses in art Vatican Necropolis Psalm 19 | ||||
