Keywords: German - The Mondsee Gospels and Treasure Binding with the Evangelists and Crucifixion - Walters W8.jpg Because of its organic nature and tactile qualities ivory was sometimes associated with flesh The luxurious binding of a gospel book probably originally made in the eleventh or twelfth century but heavily restored in the nineteenth century contains ivory plaques depicting the Four Evangelists the figure of Matthew is a nineteenth-century replacement The ivory plaques are placed between the arms of a silver filigree cross whose flourishing pattern suggests teeming life a reference to the everlasting life offered to humanity through Christ's Crucifixion That event is depicted in gold leaf at the center of the cross protected by a large rock crystal In this example the materials help the viewer to interpret the conceptual structure of the work Whereas the figures of the Evangelists the human transmitters of the gospels are tangible and tactile the image of the crucified Christ has a floating ghostly quality mediated and refracted by the curved surface of the crystal Rock crystal was understood as frozen water and because of its transparency was associated with purity hence with Christ its dual nature as liquid and solid is invoked here to suggest Christ's status as hovering between the world of the flesh ad that of the spirit 11th or 12th century with later additions and alterations parchment bound between oak boards covered with leather silk damask silver filigree gilded panels four ivory panels one modern depicting the Evangelists and incised gold leaf depicting the Crucifixion under convex rock crystal cm 29 6 23 10 4 accession number W 8 17493 Jacques Rosenthal art dealer Munich early 20th century mode of acquisition unknown Henry Walters Baltimore between 1925-1931 by purchase Walters Art Museum Henry Walters Acquired by Henry Walters 4000 Years of Modern Art The Walters Art Gallery Baltimore; Baltimore Museum of Art Baltimore 1953-1957 The History of Bookbinding 525-1950 A D Baltimore Museum of Art Baltimore 1957-1958 2 000 Years of Calligraphy The Walters Art Gallery Baltimore 1965 Liturgical Objects in The Walters Art Gallery The Walters Art Gallery Baltimore 1967 Splendor in Books The Walters Art Gallery Baltimore; Grolier Club New York 1977-1978 Ivory The Sumptuous Art The Walters Art Gallery Baltimore 1983-1984 Illuminated Manuscripts Masterpieces in Miniature The Walters Art Gallery Baltimore 1984-1985 Regensburger Buchmalerei Von frühkarolingischer Zeit bis zum Ausgang des Mittelalters Museen der Stadt Regensburg Regensburg 1987 Judging a Book by its Cover Fine Bindings The Walters Art Gallery Baltimore 1988 Covered in Meaning Book Bindings from The Walters The Walters Art Gallery Baltimore 1997-1998 Illuminating the Word Gospel Books in the Middle Ages The Walters Art Museum Baltimore 2004 Schatzkammer Henry Walters' German Manuscripts The Walters Art Museum Baltimore 2006 In the Beginning Bibles Before the Year 1000 Freer Gallery of Art Washington 2006-2007 Treasures of Heaven The Cleveland Museum of Art Cleveland; The Walters Art Museum Baltimore; The British Museum London 2010-2011 place of origin Regensburg Germany Walters Art Museum license 3D Medieval metalwork in the Walters Art Museum Medieval book covers Treasure bindings Media contributed by the Walters Art Museum needs artist review Walters MS W8 - Mondsee Gospel Lectionary Filigree |