Keywords: Gramme dynamo.png Drawing of a Gramme dynamo an electrical generator designed by Belgian inventor Zénobe Gramme in 1871 It was the first machine to be used industrially to generate power His innovation was to use many armature windings 30 in this machine wound on a doughnut shaped armature and switched with a many segmented commutator to smooth the output waveform producing nearly constant DC power This drawing shows a hand cranked model from the 1870s used widely in laboratories text says it's output was equivalent to eight ordinary Bunsen elements batteries It used laminated permanent magnets invented by Jamin Downloaded 2007-12-21 from http //books google com/books id c64OAAAAYAAJ pg PA86 Hippolyte Fontaine 1878 Electric Lighting A Practical Treatise translated from French by Paget Higgs E F N Spon London UK p 86 fig 30 on Google Books The drawing is signed 'Perot' 1878 Hippolyte Fontaine Public domain - Fontaine died 1917 thumb left PD-old Zénobe Gramme History of technology Magnetos |